de peyster ricketts



(No Model.) 2 Sheets--Sheet 1.

P. DE PEYSTER RIOKETTS 8t E. R. BUSH.

ASSAY FURNACE.

No. 463,712. Patented Nov. 24, 1891.

an: mms versus ca, mm'Q-mno wAsmmTun. n. c.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Shet 2.

P. DE PEYSTER RIGKETTS & E.- R. BUSH. ASSAY FURNACE.

No. 463,712. Patented Nov. 24, 1891.

a I QW/ mmow/ I I a Z avwambo w 3511 WWW 6111201440- n1: mama versus co., morou'ruo wAsmNorau, n. c.

NTTED STATES PATENT OFFIcE.

PIERRE DE PEYSTER RICKETTS AND EDNVARD RENSHAW BUSH, ,OF NElV -YORK, N. Y.

- ASSQAY-FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 463,712, dated November 24, 1891. Application filed August 12, 1889. Serial No- 320,493. (No model J To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, PIERRE DE PEYSTER RIcKETTs and EDWARD RENsHAW BUSH, both citizens of the United States, and both residents of the city of New York, county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Assay-Furnaces, of which the following is a description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part thereof.

This invention relates to assay-furnaces, such as are used for the assay and testing of gold, silver, and other ores, and has for its object to improve the construction of such furnaces and to make such furnaces light and port-able, so that they may be readily carried from place to place.

This invention consists in an improved construction of furnaces hereinafter fully described, whereby the shell is adapted to receive a lining in a plastic state and to hold the lining therein when the lining has hardened. Shells thus constructed can be readily transported from place to place, and when it is desired to use them they are provided with a lining of clay, dirt, or other suitable material in a plastic condition, and this lining is baked or hardened by a fire within the furnace or by other suitable means, and thus a complete furnace provided with a baked earth or brick lining is obtained. \Vhen the shell is to be transported, the lining is broken off or otherwise removed and may be renewed at the next stopping-place, the material for such lining being generally obtainable wherever such furnaces may be used. To insure the retention of the lining within the furnace, the shell is provided with holding devices which penetrate the lining when the lining is placed within the shell. the shrinkage of the lining as it hardens from its original plastic condition, the shell is divided into two or more sections, and clamping devices are provided connecting the sections. Then the lining is placed within the shell in its plastic condition, considerable clearance is allowed between the sections, and as the lining shrinks in drying this shrinkage is taken up or compensated for by tightening the clamping devices, and thereby bringing the sections closer together. These clamping de- To take up vices hold the sections of the shell together and cause the shell to tightly hold the lining after the lining is dry and hard. The shell is made in cylindrical form, as this form gives 5 5 a circular cross-section and is simple in construction. This cylindrical metallic shell is divided longitudinally into two semi-cylindrical sections and provided with flanges,

through which pass clamping-bolts to hold the sections together, and the shell may be divided transversely into two, three, or more lengths adapted to fit one within another, and each length may be divided longitudinally into two sections held together by flanges and clamping-bolts.

Our invention also embraces various improvements in the construction of such furnaces, whereby they are made light and portable and can be readily packed in a small space.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is aside elevation of the best form of our in vention. Fig. 2 is a front elevation. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line 3 3, Fig. 2, with the lining partly broken away. Fig. 4 is a plan view with the cover removed, and Fig. 5 is a plan of the cover. Fig. 6 is a central sectional view showing the sections of the pipe or stack packed one within another. Fig. 7 is a side elevation showing a modification in the construction. Fig. 8 is a vertical section of the same on the line 8 8, Fig. 7, with the lining partly broken away. Fig. 9 is a vertical section of the same on the line 9 9, Fig.8. In Figs. 2 and 3 a muffle is shown within the furnace, and the furnace has'a front opening, and in Fig. 9 crucibles are shown within the furnace, and the lining covers and closes the front opening.

The casing or shell of the furnace is made of sheet, wrought, or castiron or other suitable material, preferably as light and thin as is consistent with sufficient strength.

The shell of the furnace shown in the main 5 views of the drawings is cylindrical in form, the vertical sides of the shell corresponding in form to the curved surface of a cylinder, and the top and bottom of the shell being provided with inwardly-extending ring- 00 shaped flanges.

The shell is divided horizontally or trans versely of the cylinder into three sections a a, b b, and c c, and each of these sections is divided vertically or longitudinally of the cylinder into two sections lettered, respectively, a and a, b and b, and o and c. The upper section (LCL' fits within the next lower sectiongether in setting up the furnace or taken apart when the furnace is to be packed for transportation, and when they are placed together, as above described, they maintain their positions without the use of fastening devices.

The sections a and a, b and b, and c and c'of each cylindrical section are preferably se1ni-cylindrical in form, and the two semicylindrical sections of each cylindrical section are held together by means of bolts and nuts d cl, passing through flanges secured to or formin gpartof the semi-cylindricalsectionsattheir meeting edges. When the shell is packed for transportation, the bolts and nuts 01 dare unscrewed and each cylindrical section separated into its two semi-cylindrical sections, so that the parts, when packed, will make a very small package. The bolts and nuts cl cl have an important function when the lining is being formed within the shell. The nuts are slackened before the lining is applied, so that considerable clearance is allowed between the semi-cylindrical sections. After the application of the lining and as the drying or baking of the lining proceeds the nuts are tightened, thus bringing the sections closer together and taking up or compensating for the shrinkage of the lining from its original plastic condition to its final hardened condition. The upper cylindrical section act is provided with a flange a at its upper end. The lower cylindrical section 0 c is provided with a flange c at about its middle portion. The flanges (L b 0 and c are of similar const: uction, being each composed of a vertical ring fitting close against the interior of the shell and preferably secured thereto by rivets, and a horizontal ring or flange extending inwardly from the vertical ring and forming a shelf to support the lining and hold it in place. The inner edges of these horizontal flanges guide the workman who applies the lining and e11- able him to produce a lining of uniform thickness, and if the lining is applied so as, when dried, to extend just to the inner edges of these flan ges, asshown, which is the preferred construction, the flanges penetrate the lining and divide the lining into ring-shaped sections, each supported and held in place by an upper and lower flange. These flanges, be-

sides performing the functions above described, act as strengthening and stiffening ribs for the shell and as supports for the cover and grate-bars.

To provide a further security against the dislodgment or breaking away of the lining, additional holding devices are used, consisting of the bolts, spikes, wires, or rods projecting from some or all of the flanges a Z1 c and 0 or the wires may be interwoven between the flanges. In the drawings rods e e are shown passing vertically through the flanges and held thereto by nuts. These bolts extend from the flanges at right angles thereto, and when the lining is applied penetrate the lining in the spaces between the flanges, firmly holding it in place.

The grate of the furnace is made up of separate barsf f, which are laid upon the flange c in their proper positions before the application of the lining. \Vhen the lining is applied, it covers the ends of the grate-bars and holds them in place, and when the lining is removed they are released and may be removed from the furnace and packed in suitable manner. A flange 0, similar. in construction to the other flanges, is provided at the bottom of the lowest cylindrical section 0 0', having a horizontal ring flush with the lower edge of the section a c and forming the base, hearing, or support for the furnace. Each of the flanges a I) 0 0 0 is formed of .two semiflanges meeting at the juncture of the two semi-cylindrical sections. The plastic lining is applied within the furnace from the flange 0 which supports the grate-bars ff, up to the upper flange a at the top of the furnace, as shown.

The space below the flange c is the ash-pit, and the shell is provided with the usual front ash-pit opening 9, having a sliding door g. A front opening it is formed in the shell just above the fire, of suitable sizeto allow free access to the interior of the mutlie shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and a sliding door 72. is provided in front of this openin A detachable shelf 7L2, secured to the shell, extends outward at the lower part of this opening it in order to support cupels during the assay. The rear end of the muffle is supported by the right-angled bracket-pieces jj, bolted to the inner surface of the shell and extending out through the lining in position to form rear supports for the mutlie. As these bracketpieces jj are detachably secured to the shell by their bolts, they may be readily removed and replaced by others if their inwardly-projecting ends burn off.

The exit-opening for the products of con1- bustion is located at the upper rear portion of the furnace. A short sleeve it extends inward from this opening to support the lining about the same, and another short sleeve 7.2 extends outward, is provided with a damper and is adapted to hold the lower end of the stack or pipe. These sleeves 7t and 7c are provided with flanges, which are secured sections one within another.

by rivets or other suitable means to the shell of the furnace. The stack or pipe is made up of sections Z Z of different sizes, so shaped as to fit one over another with a slight lap while in use and one within another, so as to occupy only the space of the larger section when packed for transportation. The stack is connected to the furnace by the rightangled elbow Z fitting over the outer end of the sleeve 76. The largest of the sections lot the pipeor stack fits at its lower end over the upper end of the elbow Z. The next section Z fits at its lower end over the upper end of the largest section Z, andso on, the lower and larger end of one section fitting over the upper and smaller end of the next larger section. Fig. 3 shows the pipe in lengthened position, and Fig. 6 shows the pipe with the This construction of pipe is especially adapted for ourportable furnace, as it can be packed in a very small space, and yet when extended is long enough to afford sufficient draft to the fire.

The cover of the furnace may be made up of two semicircular piecesm and m ,of metal, hinged together along a diametral line. This cover rests upon the upper flange a and entirely covers the furnace. It is provided with a suitable handle m formed by passing heavy wire through holes in one of the semicircular sections m. The construction of this cover permits it to be folded into small space in packing, and when it is in place on the furnace permits half of it to be used as a door, or all of it to be removed, as may be desired.

A modified construction of our furnace is shown in Figs. 7, 8, and 9, in which the shell is formed of two semi-cylindrical sectionsnand at, each extending the full height of the furnace. These sections are joined together by bolts 61 cl, passing through flanges secured to the sections at their adjacent edges, and are provided with flanges 11 .c c 0, correspondingin all respects with the similarly-lettered flanges in the main views of the drawings, and all the other details of construction correspond with those in the main views of the drawings. Such modified construction is as light-as and is composed of less parts than that shown in the main views of the drawings, but will not pack in all small space.

In Figs..2 and 3 a muffle is shown within the furnace containing cupels which hold the material to be oxidized.

In Fig. 9 crucibles are shown within the furnace, and the muffle-opening h is closed by a lining.

The furnace can be readily changed from a muffle to a crucible furnace by filling up the muffie-opening h with dirt or clay and baking the same, and from a crucible to a muffle-furnace by breaking this lining away at the opening h. v

Having now described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an assay-furnace, acylindrical metallic shell adapted to receive a lining in aplastic condition, provided with holding devices adapted to penetrate the lining, and divided transversely into cylindrical sections fitting one within another, and each cylindrical section divided longitudinally into sections, and clamping devices connecting the sections along the longitudinallines of division, adapted to draw the sections together to compensate for shrinkage of the lining and adapted to secure the sections together, substantially as set forth.

2. In an assay-furnace, a cylindrical metal lic shell adapted to receive a lining in a plastic condition, provided with holding devices adapted to penetrate the lining, and divided transversely into cylindrical sections fitting one within another, and each cylindrical section divided longitudinally into two semi-cylindrical sections, and clamping devices connectin g the semi-cylindrical sections, adapted to draw such sections together to compensate for shrinkage of the lining and adapted to secure such sections together, substantially as set forth.

3. In an assay-furnace, a cylindrical metallic shell adapted to receive a lining in a plastic condition, provided with flanges extending inward from the shell, and rods projecting from the flanges, the flanges and projecting rods being adapted to penetrate the lining and hold the same in place,substantially as set forth.

4. In an assay-furnace, in combination, a cylindrical metallic shell, a lining held therein, a flange supporting the lining, and gratebars resting on the flange with their ends penetrating the lining, substantially as set forth.

5. In an assay-furnace, in combination, a cylindrical metallic shell, a lining held therein, a muffle-opening formed through the shell and lining, and a detachable bracket secured to the shell and projecting through the lining and adapted to support the rear end of a muffle, substantially as set forth.-

6. In an assay-furnace, a cylindrical shell adapted to receive a lining in a plastic condition, divided transversely into cylindrical sections fitting one within another, flanges se cured to and projecting inward from the cylindrical sections, each flange adapted to form a support for the next higher section of the shell, and rods projecting from the flanges,

the flanges and projecting rods being adapted to penetrate the lining and hold the same in place, substantially as set forth.

7. In an assay-furnace, a cylindrical shell adapted to receive a lining in a plastic condition, divided transverselyinto cylindrical sections fitting one within another, flanges secured to and projecting inward from the cylindrical sections, each flange adapted to form a support for the next higher section of the shell and each cylindrical section divided longitudinally into sections, and clamping devices connecting the sections along the longitudinal lines of division, adapted to draw the sections together to compensate for shrinkage of the lining and adapted to secure the sections together, substantially as set forth.

8. In an assay-furnace, a cylindrical shell adapted to receive a lining in a plastic condition, divided transversely into cylindrical sections fitting one within another, flanges secured to and projecting inward flOlIlthO cylindrical section, each flange adapted to form a support for the next higher section of the shell, and rods projecting from the flanges, the flanges and projecting rods being adapted to penetrate the lining and hold the same in place and each cylindrical section divided longitudinallyinto sections, and clamping devices connecting the sections along the longitudinal lines of division, adapted to draw the sections together to compensate for shrinkage of the lining and adapted to secure the sections together, substantially as set forth.

0. In an assay-furnace, the cylindrical I110- tallic shell divided transversely into sections (t 6H,?) 1), and c c, fitting one Within another, the cylindrical sections being divided longitudinally into the sections a and ct',b and I), and c and c, flanges (b 0 c and a, projecting inward from the shell, rods 6 6, projecting from the flanges, longitudinal flanges along the longitudinal lines of division of the cylindrical sections, and the bolts and nuts (Z (l, passing through such flanges, substantially as set forth.

P. DE PEYSTER RICKETTS. E. RENSHAXV BUSH.

Witnesses:

II. D. \VILLIAMs, WVYLLYs Houses. 

